CPU - Central Processing Unit (Single core, multi-core), (clock speed in GHz), instruction set (386, Pentium, i3, i7, ...)
RAM - Random Access Memory (in phones a few Gbs, in PCs 4-16 Gb, in servers it can reach a few hundred Gbs as well)
Hard disk (spinning disks or SSD - Solid State Drive) - Phone: 16, 32, 64 Gb; Computer a 1-2-3 TBs of spinnig disk or 128,256,512 Gb of SSD. Spinnning disks are slower but much cheaper than SSD.